Hashize igihe, ubwo narimo ndeba videwo ngufi, nagiye mvuga amakuru yerekeye “ikawa yatakaye ”gusubira mumaso yabantu, nuko byanteye amatsiko.Amakuru yavuze ijambo ridakunzwe“Ikawa Yoroshye ya Kawa”.Nkunda ikawa nkiyi.Ni ubwambere numvise kubyerekeye iri jambo imyaka myinshi.Nashakishije kandi amakuru amwe n'amwe kuri interineti, nsanga mu myaka mike ishize, abantu bose baganiriyeikawaibyo byari bimaze imyaka amagana birengagizwa.
Uracyibuka imvugo ikwirakwizwa cyane muminsi ibiri ishize, ni ukuvuga amakuru koikawa yo mu gasoziirashobora gupfa kubera imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu gihe cya vuba?Ntabwo tuzi niba bizashira, ariko ikintu gishobora kwemezwa ni inzira igezweho Inzira yiterambere rya kawa igomba kuzirikana iterambere rirambye, ariko kandi tukanareba uburyo dushobora gukora buri murongo murwego rwose rwa kawa rufite a inzira yo gukomeza kungukirwa nimbaraga zihuriweho.
Ikawa ya Angustifolia, bakunze kwita “Kawa ya Siyera Lewone Highland Coffee” muri botanika, mu byukuri ni kimwe mu bimera 124 bya kawa bibaho ku gasozi.Abashakashatsi bo mu busitani bwa Royal Botanic (Kew) bemeje ko kubera imihindagurikire y’ikirere, gutema amashyamba, ibyonnyi n'indwara Hamwe n'ingaruka ziterwa n'ibindi bintu, 60% by'ibimera ubu bibangamiwe no kuzimira.Kugeza ubuuruganda rwa kawayibanze cyane ku guhinga amoko abiri: Arabiya yo mu rwego rwo hejuru na Robusta yo mu rwego rwo hasi ariko itanga umusaruro mwinshi, abantu bazi ku zindi kawa nyinshi zo ku gasozi kurutonde.Guto cyane.
Amenshi mu makuru yerekeye ubu bwoko bwanditswe mu mateka akomoka kuri "Amakuru atandukanye atandukanye" yo mu busitani bwa Royal Botanic mu 1896. Mu 1898, igihingwa cy’amababi magufi yakusanyirijwe mu busitani bwa Royal Botanic muri Trinidad cyera imbuto.Ubusitani bwa Royal Botanic Umuntu ubishinzwe yatangaje ko biryoshye kandi bihwanye na “Arabica nziza”.Icyakora, mu mashyamba yo mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe byo muri Afurika y'Iburengerazuba, ikawa yo mu gasozi Angustifolia ntabwo yigeze yandikwa kuva 1954.
Kugeza mu Kuboza 2018, Dr. Aaron Davis, umuhanga mu bimera mu busitani bwa Royal Botanic, na Jeremy Haag, umuhanga mu bimera muri kaminuza ya Greenwich, bahagurukiye muri Siyera Lewone gushaka iki gihingwa cy’amayobera.Muri icyo gihe, Aaron Davis yasohoye raporo y'ingenzi mu kinyamakuru Nature Plants.
Muri iyi raporo, tumenyeshe ko ubu bwoko bwa kawa buhingwa cyane mu bihugu bya Afurika y'Iburengerazuba.Muri icyo gihe, uburyohe bwa kawa busa na Arabica, kandi burashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bugera kuri 24.9 ° C.Raporo yerekanye ko ikawa Kwagura ikirere gikwiranye no guhinga kawa nziza, birashoboka guhinga ibihingwa bya kawa birwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere kandi bigatanga ikawa nziza mu bihe bigoye.
Byongeye kandi, ikawa ya Angustifolia yabonetse muri Côte d'Ivoire muri Afurika y'Iburengerazuba, maze imbuto zoherezwa muri laboratoire ya CIRAD isesengura muri Montpellier.Ingero zasuzumwe ninzobere mu ikawa zo mu masosiyete azwi nka JDE, Nespresso na Belco.Kubera iyo mpamvu, 81% by'abacamanza ntibashoboye gutandukanya ikawa n'ikawa ya Arabica.Abahanga bamwe bemeza ko mu myaka 5-7 iri imbere, tuzabona iyi kawa yinjira ku isoko nka kawa yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, kandi vuba izahinduka abasivili.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-10-2021